%0 Journal Article
%@ 2291-9279
%I JMIR Publications
%V 7
%N 1
%P e13028
%T Serious Games in Surgical Medical Education: A Virtual Emergency Department as a Tool for Teaching Clinical Reasoning to Medical Students
%A Chon,Seung-Hun
%A Timmermann,Ferdinand
%A Dratsch,Thomas
%A Schuelper,Nikolai
%A Plum,Patrick
%A Berlth,Felix
%A Datta,Rabi Raj
%A Schramm,Christoph
%A Haneder,Stefan
%A Späth,Martin Richard
%A Dübbers,Martin
%A Kleinert,Julia
%A Raupach,Tobias
%A Bruns,Christiane
%A Kleinert,Robert
%+ Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany, 49 221 478 4864, seung-hun.chon@uk-koeln.de
%K serious game
%K surgical education
%K clinical reasoning
%K virtual emergency department
%K medical education
%D 2019
%7 05.03.2019
%9 Original Paper
%J JMIR Serious Games
%G English
%X Background: Serious games enable the simulation of daily working practices and constitute a potential tool for teaching both declarative and procedural knowledge. The availability of educational serious games offering a high-fidelity, three-dimensional environment in combination with profound medical background is limited, and most published studies have assessed student satisfaction rather than learning outcome as a function of game use. Objective: This study aimed to test the effect of a serious game simulating an emergency department (“EMERGE”) on students’ declarative and procedural knowledge, as well as their satisfaction with the serious game. Methods: This nonrandomized trial was performed at the Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery at University Hospital Cologne, Germany. A total of 140 medical students in the clinical part of their training (5th to 12th semester) self-selected to participate in this experimental study. Declarative knowledge (measured with 20 multiple choice questions) and procedural knowledge (measured with written questions derived from an Objective Structured Clinical Examination station) were assessed before and after working with EMERGE. Students’ impression of the effectiveness and applicability of EMERGE were measured on a 6-point Likert scale. Results: A pretest-posttest comparison yielded a significant increase in declarative knowledge. The percentage of correct answers to multiple choice questions increased from before (mean 60.4, SD 16.6) to after (mean 76.0, SD 11.6) playing EMERGE (P<.001). The effect on declarative knowledge was larger in students in lower semesters than in students in higher semesters (P<.001). Additionally, students’ overall impression of EMERGE was positive. Conclusions: Students self-selecting to use a serious game in addition to formal teaching gain declarative and procedural knowledge. 
%M 30835239
%R 10.2196/13028
%U http://games.jmir.org/2019/1/e13028/
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/13028
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30835239