TY  - JOUR
AU  - Soret, Lou
AU  - Gendron, Nicolas
AU  - Rivet, Nadia
AU  - Chocron, Richard
AU  - Macraigne, Laure
AU  - Clausse, Darless
AU  - Cholley, Bernard
AU  - Gaussem, Pascale
AU  - Smadja, David M
AU  - Darnige, Luc
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/10/12
TI  - Pain Assessment Using Virtual Reality Facemask During Bone Marrow Aspiration: Prospective Study Including Propensity-Matched Analysis
JO  - JMIR Serious Games
SP  - e33221
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
KW  - bone marrow aspiration
KW  - pain assessment
KW  - virtual reality facemask
KW  - anxiety
KW  - hematology
KW  - virtual reality
KW  - VR
KW  - haematology
KW  - haematological
KW  - hematological
KW  - hematological disorder
KW  - pain
KW  - pain scale
KW  - medical procedure
KW  - bone marrow
KW  - facemask
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - monitoring
AB  - Background: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is a medical procedure necessary to the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with hematological or nonhematological disorders. This procedure is considered painful, and patients are generally anxious before and during BMA. Objective: This study assesses the effect of immersive virtual reality on pain during BMA. Methods: This observational prospective and monocentric study enrolled 105 consecutive patients who underwent sternal BMA with lidocaine anesthesia. The study was carried on during 2 periods. First, virtual reality facemask (VRF) was proposed to all patients in the absence of exclusion criteria. During the second period, BMA was performed without the VRF. For all patients, pain intensity after the procedure was assessed using a 10-point numerical pain rating scale (NPRS). All analyses were performed on propensity score–matched cohort (with or without VRF) to evaluate efficacy on NRPS levels. Results: The final matched cohort included 12 patients in the VRF group and 24 in the control group. No difference in anxiety level before BMA evaluated by the patient and by the operator was observed between groups (P=.71 and .42 respectively). No difference of NPRS was observed using VRF when compared to control group (median NPRS 3.8, IQR 2.0-6.3 vs 3.0, IQR 1.9-3.0, respectively; P=.09). Conclusions: Our study did not prove the efficacy of VRF to reduce pain during BMA. 
SN  - 2291-9279
UR  - https://games.jmir.org/2022/4/e33221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/33221
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36222814
DO  - 10.2196/33221
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/33221
ER  -