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Skip search results from other journals and go to results- 4 JMIR Serious Games
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They propose using immersive VR for embodiment of a virtual body, in order to modulate body representation and change pain perception in healthy and clinical populations. Moreover, a previous study has shown that the effectiveness of bodily illusions for pain reduction depends on the visual perspective, for example, the use of a first-person perspective on the virtual body (not a third-person perspective, as in our setup), in order to elicit an analgesic effect [39].
JMIR Serious Games 2024;12:e52340
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The SOCRATES project (Self Conversation in Virtual Reality Embodiment to Enhance Healthier Lifestyles Among People with Obesity), funded by the European Commission (951930), has introduced the VR self-counseling paradigm, referred to as Con VRself (Virtual Reality self-talk), which uses embodiment and body-swapping techniques. On the one hand, embodiment enables participants to experience the perceptual illusion that the virtual body is their own [21,22].
J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e51558
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This embodiment illusion could facilitate life-like behavior and therefore improve the access to IVR for our group [16].
Embodiment illusions in IVR allow us to substitute the real body with a virtual body or certain body parts, such as arms or hands [17-19]. The phenomenon is often assessed by the sense of embodiment (So E) toward the virtual body (ie, avatar) [19,20].
JMIR Serious Games 2022;10(4):e39966
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This feeling of owning the body is called embodiment [1]. Embodiment consists of 3 components: body ownership (feeling that the body undergoing a certain experience is subordinate to oneself [2]), agency (feeling that “I” am the cause for body motion [2]), and self-location (“My view is located at the place where it should be” [1]).
Previous studies have found that it is possible to form a sense of embodiment toward external objects such as a rubber hand [3], virtual arm [4], and virtual body [5].
JMIR Serious Games 2022;10(4):e40119
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Controlling the Sense of Embodiment for Virtual Avatar Applications: Methods and Empirical Study
The sense of embodiment (So E) is the feeling of one’s own body. When we move our bodies in our everyday lives, we feel the So E unconsciously. The So E is intimately related to the sense of self and is considered as the starting point of having self-identity [1,2]. The term embodiment has been defined differently in various contexts. From a philosophical perspective, embodiment is considered to be how a person defines and experiences himself/herself [3,4].
JMIR Serious Games 2020;8(3):e21879
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Owing to the between-subjects design, participants interacted with one of the following four agents differing in appearance: two humanoid agents, one machine-like agent, and one agent without embodiment (Figure 1). To investigate the effect of species in an actual interaction study, humanoid appearances (Billie and Character) and a machine-like appearance (Vince) were used.
J Med Internet Res 2020;22(4):e13726
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In the second study, the virtual therapist was also given a physical embodiment by means of a holographic image that moved while speaking during the introductory phase of treatment (see Figure 1); instructions were complemented with animated graphics to emphasize psychoeducation lessons.
J Med Internet Res 2020;22(3):e16660
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However, studies addressing this form of embodiment represent a relatively new area of focus and more empirical research is called for [4,16,17]. In addition, no study has yet combined the different embodiment experiences (body, cognition, and sense of self) to cover the full spectrum of the individual.
The embodiment experiences could be highly relevant for the study and use of wearable technology in health care.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019;7(8):e12771
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