Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/10965, first published .
Implementations of Virtual Reality for Anxiety-Related Disorders: Systematic Review

Implementations of Virtual Reality for Anxiety-Related Disorders: Systematic Review

Implementations of Virtual Reality for Anxiety-Related Disorders: Systematic Review

Authors of this article:

Theodore Oing1 Author Orcid Image ;   Julie Prescott1 Author Orcid Image

Journals

  1. Rousseaux F, Faymonville M, Nyssen A, Dardenne N, Ledoux D, Massion P, Vanhaudenhuyse A. Can hypnosis and virtual reality reduce anxiety, pain and fatigue among patients who undergo cardiac surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2020;21(1) View
  2. Yamashita Y, Shimohira D, Aijima R, Mori K, Danjo A. Clinical application of virtual reality to alleviate anxiety during oral surgery under local anesthesia. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology 2020;32(6):441 View
  3. Yamashita Y, Shimohira D, Aijima R, Mori K, Danjo A. Clinical Effect of Virtual Reality to Relieve Anxiety During Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Under Local Anesthesia. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2020;78(4):545.e1 View
  4. Lopatina O, Morgun A, Gorina Y, Salmin V, Salmina A. Current approaches to modeling the virtual reality in rodents for the assessment of brain plasticity and behavior. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 2020;335:108616 View
  5. Brown T, Nauman Vogel E, Adler S, Bohon C, Bullock K, Nameth K, Riva G, Safer D, Runfola C. Bringing Virtual Reality From Clinical Trials to Clinical Practice for the Treatment of Eating Disorders: An Example Using Virtual Reality Cue Exposure Therapy. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(4):e16386 View
  6. Issom D, Henriksen A, Woldaregay A, Rochat J, Lovis C, Hartvigsen G. Factors Influencing Motivation and Engagement in Mobile Health Among Patients With Sickle Cell Disease in Low-Prevalence, High-Income Countries: Qualitative Exploration of Patient Requirements. JMIR Human Factors 2020;7(1):e14599 View
  7. Choi W, Yu D, Wong T, Lantta T, Yang M, Välimäki M. Habits and Attitudes of Video Gaming and Information Technology Use in People with Schizophrenia: Cross-Sectional Survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(7):e14865 View
  8. Imperatori C, Dakanalis A, Farina B, Pallavicini F, Colmegna F, Mantovani F, Clerici M. Global Storm of Stress-Related Psychopathological Symptoms: A Brief Overview on the Usefulness of Virtual Reality in Facing the Mental Health Impact of COVID-19. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 2020;23(11):782 View
  9. Hilty D, Randhawa K, Maheu M, McKean A, Pantera R, Mishkind M, Rizzo A. A Review of Telepresence, Virtual Reality, and Augmented Reality Applied to Clinical Care. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science 2020;5(2):178 View
  10. Cieślik B, Mazurek J, Rutkowski S, Kiper P, Turolla A, Szczepańska-Gieracha J. Virtual reality in psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of reviews. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 2020;52:102480 View
  11. Kurth C, Wegerer V, Steinhoff B. „E-mental health“ und psychiatrische Erkrankungen – Alles nur Hype?. Zeitschrift für Epileptologie 2020;33(3):184 View
  12. Leggiero N, Armstrong T, Gilbert M, King A. Use of virtual reality for symptom management in solid-tumor patients with implications for primary brain tumor research: a systematic review. Neuro-Oncology Practice 2020;7(5):477 View
  13. Appel L, Appel E, Bogler O, Wiseman M, Cohen L, Ein N, Abrams H, Campos J. Older Adults With Cognitive and/or Physical Impairments Can Benefit From Immersive Virtual Reality Experiences: A Feasibility Study. Frontiers in Medicine 2020;6 View
  14. Iannicelli A, Vito D, Dodaro C, De Matteo P, Nocerino R, Sepe A, Raia V. Does virtual reality reduce pain in pediatric patients? A systematic review. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019;45(1) View
  15. Schleider J, Mullarkey M, Weisz J. Virtual Reality and Web-Based Growth Mindset Interventions for Adolescent Depression: Protocol for a Three-Arm Randomized Trial. JMIR Research Protocols 2019;8(7):e13368 View
  16. Austin P, Lovell M, Siddall P. The Efficacy of Virtual Reality for Persistent Cancer Pain: A Call for Research. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2019;58(4):e11 View
  17. Lindner P, Rozental A, Jurell A, Reuterskiöld L, Andersson G, Hamilton W, Miloff A, Carlbring P. Experiences of Gamified and Automated Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Spider Phobia: Qualitative Study. JMIR Serious Games 2020;8(2):e17807 View
  18. Collodel G, Masini M, Signorini C, Moretti E, Castellini C, Noto D, Mattioli S, Santalucia V, Baraldi S, Lusuardi L, Sirizzotti M, Innocenti A. Antioxidants, Dietary Fatty Acids, and Sperm: A Virtual Reality Applied Game for Scientific Dissemination. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019;2019:1 View
  19. Hinojo-Lucena F, Aznar-Díaz I, Cáceres-Reche M, Trujillo-Torres J, Romero-Rodríguez J. Virtual Reality Treatment for Public Speaking Anxiety in Students. Advancements and Results in Personalized Medicine. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2020;10(1):14 View
  20. Bofanova N, Petrova E, Kalistratov V, Nesterenko E, Chizh D. USING VIRTUAL REALITY FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT IN CHILDREN. Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal 2020;(4):19 View
  21. Ifdil I, Fadli R, Zola N, Churnia E, Putri Y, Amalianita B. The Effectiveness of Ifdil Perceptual Light Technique in Reducing Ophidiophobia. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment 2020;19(4):247 View
  22. Nosková E, Šebela A, Stopková P. Current trends in treatment of generalised anxiety disorder. Psychiatrie pro praxi 2020;21(2):66 View
  23. Pallavicini F, Orena E, di Santo S, Greci L, Caragnano C, Ranieri P, Vuolato C, Pepe A, Veronese G, Dakanalis A, Rossini A, Caltagirone C, Clerici M, Mantovani F. MIND-VR: Design and Evaluation Protocol of a Virtual Reality Psychoeducational Experience on Stress and Anxiety for the Psychological Support of Healthcare Workers Involved in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Virtual Reality 2021;2 View
  24. Horsham C, Dutton-Regester K, Antrobus J, Goldston A, Price H, Ford H, Hacker E. A Virtual Reality Game to Change Sun Protection Behavior and Prevent Cancer: User-Centered Design Approach. JMIR Serious Games 2021;9(1):e24652 View
  25. Louis R, Cagigas J, Brant-Zawadzki M, Ricks M. In Reply: Impact of Neurosurgical Consultation With 360-Degree Virtual Reality Technology on Patient Engagement and Satisfaction. Neurosurgery Open 2021;2(2) View
  26. Kim K, Bae E, Lee J, Park T, Lim M. A Review of Cognitive and Behavioral Interventions for Tic Disorder. Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2021;32(2):51 View
  27. Brito H, Pham T, Vicente B. Effect of sensorimotor rehabilitation based on an immersive virtual reality model on mental health. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2022;37(1) View
  28. Salisbury J. Using Medical Device Standards for Design and Risk Management of Immersive Virtual Reality for At-Home Therapy and Remote Patient Monitoring. JMIR Biomedical Engineering 2021;6(2):e26942 View
  29. Pinheiro J, Simões de Almeida R, Marques A. Emotional self-regulation, virtual reality and neurofeedback. Computers in Human Behavior Reports 2021;4:100101 View
  30. Baghaei N, Chitale V, Hlasnik A, Stemmet L, Liang H, Porter R. Virtual Reality for Supporting the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety: Scoping Review. JMIR Mental Health 2021;8(9):e29681 View
  31. Knobel S, Kaufmann B, Gerber S, Urwyler P, Cazzoli D, Müri R, Nef T, Nyffeler T. Development of a Search Task Using Immersive Virtual Reality: Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR Serious Games 2021;9(3):e29182 View
  32. Lee W, Cho Y, Kim H. A Systematic Review of Virtual Reality Treatment Program on Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2021;30(2):119 View
  33. Saquib J, AlMohaimeed H, AlOlayan S, AlRebdi N, AlBulaihi J, AlMugbel R, AlDughaishm Y, AlBahli H, Saquib N. Effect of interactive vs. passive virtual reality on pain threshold and tolerance. Scandinavian Journal of Pain 2022;22(1):167 View
  34. Wenk N, Penalver-Andres J, Buetler K, Nef T, Müri R, Marchal-Crespo L. Effect of immersive visualization technologies on cognitive load, motivation, usability, and embodiment. Virtual Reality 2023;27(1):307 View
  35. Oudkerk Pool M, Hooglugt J, Kraaijeveld A, Mulder B, de Winter R, Schijven M, Robbers-Visser D, Boekholdt S, Bouma B, Winter M. Pre-procedural virtual reality education reduces anxiety in patients undergoing atrial septal closure – Results from a randomized trial. International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease 2022;7:100332 View
  36. Schöne B, Kisker J, Lange L, Gruber T, Sylvester S, Osinsky R. The reality of virtual reality. Frontiers in Psychology 2023;14 View
  37. Albakri G, Bouaziz R, Alharthi W, Kammoun S, Al-Sarem M, Saeed F, Hadwan M. Phobia Exposure Therapy Using Virtual and Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review. Applied Sciences 2022;12(3):1672 View
  38. van der Kruk S, Zielinski R, MacDougall H, Hughes-Barton D, Gunn K. Virtual reality as a patient education tool in healthcare: A scoping review. Patient Education and Counseling 2022;105(7):1928 View
  39. Pallavicini F, Orena E, di Santo S, Greci L, Caragnano C, Ranieri P, Vuolato C, Pepe A, Veronese G, Stefanini S, Achille F, Dakanalis A, Bernardelli L, Sforza F, Rossini A, Caltagirone C, Fascendini S, Clerici M, Riva G, Mantovani F. A virtual reality home-based training for the management of stress and anxiety among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022;23(1) View
  40. Pallavicini F, Pepe A, Clerici M, Mantovani F. Virtual Reality Applications in Medicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review. JMIR Serious Games 2022;10(4):e35000 View
  41. Sainz-Fuertes R, Gelabert Mir J, Valderas J, Bullock K, Giersch A, Vogeley K, García A, Huguet M, Russell T, Hollingdale J, Lopez -Moriñigo J, Delgado I, Selsick H, Gurr H, Fitzpatrick T, Maddox T. COVID-19 and mental health: A review and the role of telehealth and virtual reality. Digital Medicine 2020;6(2):53 View
  42. Tran Y, Austin P, Lo C, Craig A, Middleton J, Wrigley P, Siddall P. An Exploratory EEG Analysis on the Effects of Virtual Reality in People with Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury. Sensors 2022;22(7):2629 View
  43. Kim H, Kim B, Kim M, Eom H, Kim J. Alteration of resting-state functional connectivity network properties in patients with social anxiety disorder after virtual reality-based self-training. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2022;13 View
  44. Paulino S, Bárbara Mesquita , Ana Margarida Fraga , Hugo Gomes , Luís Madeira . An initial investigation of the role of depressive and anxious syndromes in Problematic Internet Use in adolescence and young adults. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace 2023;17(1) View
  45. Langener S, Van Der Nagel J, van Manen J, Markus W, Dijkstra B, De Fuentes-Merillas L, Klaassen R, Heitmann J, Heylen D, Schellekens A. Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021;10(16):3658 View
  46. Monaghesh E, Samad-Soltani T, Farhang S. Virtual reality-based interventions for patients with paranoia: A systematic review. Psychiatry Research 2022;307:114338 View
  47. Carrier J, Gallagher F, Vanasse A, Roberge P, Aslam M. Strategies to improve access to cognitive behavioral therapies for anxiety disorders: A scoping review. PLOS ONE 2022;17(3):e0264368 View
  48. Xia W, Chen Y, Liu X, Chen F, Yan M, Xu X. Effectiveness of virtual reality technology in symptom management of end-of-life patients: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023;13(2):e068532 View
  49. Schroeder A, Bogie B, Rahman T, Thérond A, Matheson H, Guimond S. Feasibility and Efficacy of Virtual Reality Interventions to Improve Psychosocial Functioning in Psychosis: Systematic Review. JMIR Mental Health 2022;9(2):e28502 View
  50. Toh G, Pearce E, Vines J, Ikhtabi S, Birken M, Pitman A, Johnson S. Digital interventions for subjective and objective social isolation among individuals with mental health conditions: a scoping review. BMC Psychiatry 2022;22(1) View
  51. Menekli T, Yaprak B, Doğan R. The Effect of Virtual Reality Distraction Intervention on Pain, Anxiety, and Vital Signs of Oncology Patients Undergoing Port Catheter Implantation: A Randomized Controlled Study. Pain Management Nursing 2022;23(5):585 View
  52. Wiebe A, Kannen K, Selaskowski B, Mehren A, Thöne A, Pramme L, Blumenthal N, Li M, Asché L, Jonas S, Bey K, Schulze M, Steffens M, Pensel M, Guth M, Rohlfsen F, Ekhlas M, Lügering H, Fileccia H, Pakos J, Lux S, Philipsen A, Braun N. Virtual reality in the diagnostic and therapy for mental disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review 2022;98:102213 View
  53. Birrenbach T, Bühlmann F, Exadaktylos A, Hautz W, Müller M, Sauter T. Virtual Reality for Pain Relief in the Emergency Room (VIPER) – a prospective, interventional feasibility study. BMC Emergency Medicine 2022;22(1) View
  54. Mayer G, Gronewold N, Polte K, Hummel S, Barniske J, Korbel J, Zarnekow R, Schultz J. Experiences of Patients and Therapists Testing a Virtual Reality Exposure App for Symptoms of Claustrophobia: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Mental Health 2022;9(12):e40056 View
  55. King A, Acquaye-Mallory A, Vera E, Mendoza T, Reyes J, Stockdill M, Gilbert M, Armstrong T. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a virtual reality intervention targeting distress and anxiety in primary brain tumor patients at the time of clinical evaluation: Study protocol for a phase 2 clinical trial. BMC Cancer 2023;23(1) View
  56. Chang T, Hollinger T, Dolby T, Sherman J. Development and Considerations for Virtual Reality Simulations for Resuscitation Training and Stress Inoculation. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 2021;16(6):e219 View
  57. Smits M, Ludden G, Verbeek P, van Goor H. Responsible design and assessment of a SARS-CoV virtual reality rehabilitation programme: guidance ethics in context. Journal of Responsible Innovation 2022;9(3):344 View
  58. Lee H, Choi J, Jung D, Hur J, Cho C. The Effects of Virtual Reality Treatment on Prefrontal Cortex Activity in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: Participatory and Interactive Virtual Reality Treatment Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(12):e31844 View
  59. Alahmari K, Duh H, Skarbez R. Outcomes of virtual reality technology in the management of generalised anxiety disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour & Information Technology 2023;42(14):2353 View
  60. Hawajri O, Lindberg J, Suominen S. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy as a Treatment Method Against Anxiety Disorders and Depression-A Structured Literature Review. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2023;44(4):245 View
  61. DEMİR M, KÖSKÜN T. Efficacy of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy in the Treatment of Specific Phobias: A Systematic Review. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar 2023;15(4):562 View
  62. Lobato-Camacho F, López J, Vargas J. Virtual reality evaluation of the spatial learning strategies in gamers. Multimedia Tools and Applications 2023;83(13):38127 View
  63. Burrai F, De Marinis M, Piredda M. Virtual Reality During Chemotherapy Infusion. Holistic Nursing Practice 2023 View
  64. Chitra J, Eremita M. Effect of Virtual Reality on Sleep-Deprived Individuals. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine 2023;45(6):610 View
  65. Le Roy B, Martin-Krumm C, Poupon C, Richieri R, Malbos E, Barthélémy F, Guedj E, Trousselard M. Virtual Exercise in Medicine: A Proof of Concept in a Healthy Population. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e45637 View
  66. Andersson J, Hallin J, Tingström A, Knutsson J. Virtual reality exposure therapy for fear of spiders: an open trial and feasibility study of a new treatment for arachnophobia. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 2024;78(2):128 View
  67. Pardini S, Gabrielli S, Gios L, Dianti M, Mayora-Ibarra O, Appel L, Olivetto S, Torres A, Rigatti P, Trentini E, Leonardelli L, Bernardi M, Lucianer M, Forti S, Novara C. Customized virtual reality naturalistic scenarios promoting engagement and relaxation in patients with cognitive impairment: a proof-of-concept mixed-methods study. Scientific Reports 2023;13(1) View
  68. Yamashita Y, Aijima R, Danjo A. Clinical effects of different virtual reality presentation content on anxiety and pain: a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports 2023;13(1) View
  69. Pizzolante M, Bartolotta S, Sarcinella E, Chirico A, Gaggioli A. Virtual vs. real: exploring perceptual, cognitive and affective dimensions in design product experiences. BMC Psychology 2024;12(1) View
  70. Micheluzzi V, Burrai F, Casula M, Serra G, Al Omary S, Merella P, Casu G. Effectiveness of virtual reality on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Current Problems in Cardiology 2024;49(5):102532 View
  71. Monfared D, Joorabchi T. An Investigation of Factors Influencing Attitudes Towards Online and Offline Games with the Moderator Effects of Gender in Iran. Media Watch 2024;15(2):183 View
  72. El‐Qirem F, Malak M, Abualruz H, Abuhazeem S, Amro A. Effects of virtual reality exposure therapy on anxiety symptoms and physiological measures among individuals experiencing claustrophobia. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research 2024;24(3):1098 View
  73. Crone C, Kallen R. Measuring virtual embodiment: A psychometric investigation of a standardised questionnaire for the psychological sciences. Computers in Human Behavior Reports 2024;14:100422 View
  74. Russo S, Tibermacine I, Tibermacine A, Chebana D, Nahili A, Starczewscki J, Napoli C. Analyzing EEG patterns in young adults exposed to different acrophobia levels: a VR study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2024;18 View
  75. Ferrer Costa J, Moran N, Garcia Marti C, Colmenares Hernandez L, Radu Ciorba Ciorba F, Ciudad M. Immediate Impact of an 8-Week Virtual Reality Educational Program on Burnout and Work Engagement Among Health Care Professionals: Pre-Post Pilot Study. JMIR XR and Spatial Computing 2024;1:e55678 View
  76. Sánchez-Caballero E, Ortega-Donaire L, Sanz-Martos S. Immersive Virtual Reality for Pain and Anxiety Management Associated with Medical Procedures in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Children 2024;11(8):975 View
  77. Tan Y, Chang V, Ang W, Ang W, Lau Y. Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 2024:1 View
  78. Jargin S. Psychotherapy of generalized anxiety disorder. Сибирский научный медицинский журнал 2024;44(4):6 View
  79. Boyle D, Morrin N, Scargill J, Mulvey F, Heavin C, Flanagan E, McMahon B, O’Connell H. Co-designing a virtual reality exposure therapy with students experiencing school anxiety: a proof-of-concept study. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 2024:1 View
  80. Lu J, Sun Q, Ma W, Liu T, Yao D, Gong D. The effect of virtual reality action games on attention functions: an EEG study. Current Psychology 2024;43(41):32336 View
  81. Westarp E, Saemann A, Zelechovski M, Faludi B, Cattin P, Soleman J, Guzman R. Virtual reality for patient informed consent in skull base tumors and intracranial vascular pathologies: A pilot study. Acta Neurochirurgica 2024;166(1) View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Baños R, Vara M, Mira A, García-Palacios A, Botella C. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology. View
  2. Hudlicka E. Augmented Cognition. Human Cognition and Behavior. View
  3. Alonso-Esteban Y, Alcantud-Marín F. Neural Engineering Techniques for Autism Spectrum Disorder. View
  4. Hidayah N, Ramli M, Kirana K, Hanafi H, Yunita M, Rofiqoh R. Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Management and Technology (ICEMT 2022). View
  5. Garg H, Somkuwar V. Extended Reality for Healthcare Systems. View
  6. Pallavicini F, Orena E, Achille F, Stefanini S, Caragnano C, Vuolato C, Pepe A, Ranieri P, di Santo S, Greci L, Fascendini S, Defanti A, Clerici M, Mantovani F. HCI International 2022 – Late Breaking Papers: Interacting with eXtended Reality and Artificial Intelligence. View
  7. Werning E. Virtual Reality in Softskill-Training und Coaching. View
  8. Burkauskas J, Fineberg N, Enara A, Cirnigliaro G, Drummond L. Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry. View
  9. Kuan Y, Moosavi M, Guillet C, Yee A, Merienne F. HCI International 2024 – Late Breaking Papers. View