Adolescent Problem Gaming and Loot Box Purchasing in Video Games: Cross-sectional Observational Study Using Population-Based Cohort Data

Soichiro Ide   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Miharu Nakanishi   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Syudo Yamasaki   ² , PhD ;   Kazutaka Ikeda   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Shuntaro Ando   ³ , MD, PhD ;   Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa   ⁴ , PhD ;   Kiyoto Kasai   ³ , MD, PhD ;   Atsushi Nishida   ^{2 *} , PhD

¹ Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

² Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

³ Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

⁴ School of Advanced Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Kanagawa, Japan

*these authors contributed equally