Effects of Virtual Reality–Based Multimodal Audio-Tactile Cueing in Patients With Spatial Attention Deficits: Pilot Usability Study

Samuel Elia Johannes Knobel   ¹ , BSc, MSc, MD ;   Brigitte Charlotte Kaufmann   ² , BSc, MSc, PhD ;   Nora Geiser   ³ , BSc, MSc ;   Stephan Moreno Gerber   ¹ , BSc, MSc, PhD ;   René M Müri   ^{1, 4, 5} , MD, Prof Dr ;   Tobias Nef   ^{1, 5, 6} , Prof Dr ;   Thomas Nyffeler   ^{1, 3, 4, 5} , Prof Dr ;   Dario Cazzoli   ^{1, 3, 7} , PhD, PD

¹ Gerontechnology & Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

² Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France

³ Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland

⁴ Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and BioMedical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland

⁵ Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

⁶ ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

⁷ Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland