Serious Games in Surgical Medical Education: A Virtual Emergency Department as a Tool for Teaching Clinical Reasoning to Medical Students

Seung-Hun Chon   ¹ , MD ;   Ferdinand Timmermann   ² ;   Thomas Dratsch   ² , DPhil ;   Nikolai Schuelper   ³ , MD, MME ;   Patrick Plum   ¹ , MD ;   Felix Berlth   ¹ , MD ;   Rabi Raj Datta   ¹ , MD ;   Christoph Schramm   ⁴ , MD ;   Stefan Haneder   ⁵ , MD ;   Martin Richard Späth   ^{6, 7} , MD ;   Martin Dübbers   ¹ , MD ;   Julia Kleinert   ¹ , MD ;   Tobias Raupach   ^{8, 9} , MD, MME ;   Christiane Bruns   ¹ , MD ;   Robert Kleinert   ¹ , MD

¹ Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

² University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

³ Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

⁴ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

⁵ Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

⁶ Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

⁷ Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

⁸ Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

⁹ Division of Medical Education Research and Curriculum Development, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany